Information security and cybercrime

• Security principles: Defense in depth, cyber risk modeling.
• Risk management methods (ISO 27005, EBIOS RM).
• Overview of ISO 2700x standards.
• Evolution of cybercrime.
• New threats (APT, spear phishing, watering hole, crypto-jacking, etc.).
• Security flaws in software.
• Anatomy of a cyberattack (Kill Chain).
• The 0day, 0day Exploit, and exploit kit vulnerabilities.

Firewall, virtualization and cloud computing

• Perimeter protection based on firewalls and DMZs.
• Differences between UTM, enterprise, NG and NG-v2 firewalls.
• IPS (Intrusion Prevention System) and IPS NG products.
• Vulnerabilities in virtualization.
• Risks associated with Cloud Computing according to CESIN, ENISA, and the CSA.
• CASB solutions to secure data and applications in the cloud.
• The Cloud Controls Matrix and how to use it to evaluate Cloud providers.

Client workstation security

• Understanding client workstation oriented threats.
• Anti-virus/anti-spyware software.
• How to manage security patches on client workstations.
• Ransomware: preventive and corrective measures.
• How to make removable devices secure.
• Vulnerability of browsers and plug-ins.
• Drive-by download attack.
• Threats via USB keys (BadUSB, rubber ducky, etc.).

Fundamentals of cryptography

• Cryptographic techniques.
• Public key and symmetric key algorithms.
• Simple, salted and keyed (HMAC) hash functions.
• Public-key infrastructure (PKI).
• CC certification and ANSSI qualification of cryptographic products.

Authentication and qualification of users

• Biometric authentication and legal aspects.
• Challenge/response authentication.
• The different attack techniques (brute force, keylogger, credential stuffing, etc.).
• Strong multi-factor authentication (MFA).
• Chip card authentication and X509 client certificate.
• The HOTP and TOTP standards of OATH.
• The UAF and U2F standards of the FIDO (Fast ID Online) alliance.

Network flow security

• The SSL crypto API and its upgrades from SSL v2 to TLS v1.3.
• Attacks on SSL/TLS protocols.
• Attacks on HTTPS flows.
• Hardware key confinement, FIPS-140-2 certifications.
• The IPsec standard, AH and ESP modes, IKE and key management.
• Overcoming problems between IPSec and NAT.
• The SSL VPNs. What are the benefits compared to IPSec?
• Using SSH and OpenSSH for secure remote administration.
• On-the-fly decryption of flows: Legal aspects.
• Easily evaluating the security of an HTTPS server.

Wi-Fi security

• Specific Wi-Fi attacks.
• How to detect Rogue APs.
• Terminal security mechanisms.
• KRACK attack on WPA and WPA2.
• Description of the risks.
• The IEEE 802.11i security standard.
• What WPA3 adds and the DragonBlood vulnerabilities.
• User and terminal authentication.
• WiFi authentication within the company.
• Auditing tools, free software, aircrack-ng, Netstumbler, WiFiScanner, etc.

Smartphone security

• Threats and attacks on mobile devices.
• iOS and Android: strengths and weaknesses.
• Viruses and malicious code on mobile phones.
• MDM and EMM solutions for fleet management.

Application security

• Applying the principle of defense in depth.
• Web and mobile apps: What security differences are there?
• Main risks according to OWASP.
• Focus on XSS, CSRF, SQL injection, and session hijacking attacks.
• Main methods of secure development.
• What security clauses are there in development contracts?
• The application firewall or WAF.
• How to assess an application's level of security.

Management and active supervision of security

• Safety audits (scope and frameworks: ISO 27001, GDPR, etc.).
• Intrusion tests (black box, gray box and white box).
• How to effectively respond to attacks.
• Setting up an SIEM solution.
• Should you implement or outsource your Security Operation Center (SOC)?
• SOC 2.0 technologies (CASB, UEBA, Deceptive Security, EDR, SOAR, machine learning, etc.).
• ANSSI labels (PASSI, PDIS & PRIS) for outsourcing.
• Incident response procedures (ISO 27035 and NIST SP 800-61 R2).
• Bug Bounty platforms.